(Guest article)
It is estimated that over 35 million Americans have some degree of hearing loss. The most common type of hearing loss is age-related hearing loss; and as the population within the western world is expected to live longer; it stands to reason that there will be even more cases of age-related hearing loss.
In this article we will take a closer look at the two most common types of hearing loss, age-related and noise-induced hearing loss. The purpose of which is to create more awareness to this type of disability and to detail various options for those with hearing loss to consider.
Age-Related Hearing Loss
Within the cochlea of the inner ear, tiny hair cells are tasked with transferring information contained within incoming sound to the nerve fibres responsible for transmitting this information to those areas in the brain which deal with our sense of hearing.
When these hair cells deteriorate or are damaged due to the natural ageing process, hearing loss may occur. The level of hearing loss will vary from one person to the next depending on the severity of the damage and other conditions that may also be present within the ear. Age related hearing loss is not exclusive to the very old. Deterioration in hearing ability can be observed in some individuals as early as their 40s. In most cases, the hearing loss takes place as a gradual deterioration over a number of years, and is often ignored until the effects become very noticeable to others.
There is currently no cure for age-related hearing loss. Individuals diagnosed with this type of hearing loss can use a number of devices to manage the effects of the loss, but the underlying hearing loss will be permanent. The inner hair cells essential within the hearing pathway do not regenerate once damaged. The most common device used is a hearing aid, a mini-computer housed in a variety of styles that can amplify external sound and deliver this sound into the ear canal of the wearer. Other popular options are called ‘assistive listening devices’ that amplify sound for specific applications such as from home or cell phones; doorbells; alarm clocks or the television.
Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
When it comes to noise induced hearing loss, although area of pathology also involves the hair cells of the inner ear, the cause of the deterioration/damage is from an external source. Prolonged exposure to harmful levels of noise can destroy the hair cells. The level of resultant hearing loss will greatly depend on the duration of exposure, closeness to the noise source and the level of noise.
Those diagnosed with noise-induced hearing loss are usually provided with the same options as those with age related hearing loss. Emphasis however should also be placed on prevention of further hearing loss. In the workplace, employers often take a combination of steps to reduce the risk of hearing loss. The most common being pre-emptive steps in the form of noise level assessments, introducing clear guidelines and safety procedures, wearing hearing protection and giving employees access to regular hearing tests. In our private lives there are no ‘government regulations’ to follow and no laws to adhere to. To avoid damage from noise, individuals should use hearing protection and refrain from placing themselves in noisy situations without due care and attention.
Hearing loss that is simply ignored can lead to other problems. These well-documented issues include social exclusion and reduced interaction with others, feelings of embarrassment, anxiety or even depression; all contributing to diminished quality of life. To relieve any concerns about possible hearing loss, a hearing test should be done. This test is relatively quick and non-invasive.
Joan McKechnie BSc Hons Audiology & Speech Pathology at hearing aids company Hearing Direct. You can read her blog for more information on hearing loss.